初中语法专题(一)—-there-be句型(带答案).docx
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1、There be句型学习内容一、基本概念:There be句型表示“某地(或某时)有某人(或某物)。There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语/时间状语.There are +复数名词+地点状语/时间状语.二、结 构: 1. There是引导词,没有词义;2. be动词为谓语动词,名词为主语;be动词和名词要保持数的一致。三、 用法详解(考点)1、考点一:主谓一致There is a pen and two rulers in the box. There are two rulers and a pen in the box.注意:主谓一致遵循就近原则的还有:eitheror;
2、neithernor;notbut; not onlybut also等。 e.g. Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。 Not you but your father is to blame. 不是你,而是你的父亲该受责备。 Not only you but(also) he is wrong. 不仅你错了,他也错了。肯 定 句:“There be某人/某物地点时间状语”否 定 句:“There be not/no +某人/某物+地点/时间状语”一般疑问句:“Be there +某人/某物+地点/时间状语”?特殊疑问句:“疑问词+be there+某人/某物
3、+地点/时间状语”?反义疑问句:“There be某人/某物地点时间状语,be (not) there?”2、考点二:句型转换1)否定句: 加not/no There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样,在be后加上not或no即可。注意:not和no的不同:not是副词,no为形容词,not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.如: There are some pictures on the wall. There arent any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall. There i
4、s a bike behind the tree. There isnt a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.2)一般疑问句: be动词提前 There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可。注意:当肯定句中有some时,要将其改为any(否定变化也一样)。如: There is some water on Mars. Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water. Are there any fish in
5、 the water? 3)特殊疑问句:选择疑问词v 对主语提问:当主语是人的时候,则用who 引导;当主语是物的时候,则用what 引导。注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式。如:There are many things over there. Whats over there? There is a little girl in the room. Who is in the room? v 对地点状语提问:则用where 引导。如:There is a computer on the desk. Where is the computer? There
6、are four children on the playground. Where are the four children? How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语? How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语?v 对数量提问: 如:There are twelve months in a year. How many months are there in a year? There is a cat in the box. How many cats are there in the box? There is some money in my pur
7、se. How much money is there in your purse?4)反义疑问句:be (not) there?如:There is a radio on the table, isnt there? 桌子上有一台收音机,是吧? There are more than fifty students in your class, arent there? 你们班有50多名学生,是吧?3、考点三:时态与句型现在时(there is/are) There must/may / cant be 过去时(there was/were) There used to be完成时(there
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