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1、硕士学位论文摘要随着我国经济快速发展和人民生活水平的提高,住宅节能己成为可持续发展 的重要组成部分。湖南地区属于夏热冬冷地区,采暖与空调用能主要在冬季与夏 季,因此住宅节能的关键在于夏季与冬季的节能。夏季影响空调能耗的主要是太 阳辐射,所以遮阳成为节能与改善室内环境的重要途径。从目前建筑遮阳设计研究成果来看,主要从工程学的角度来研究遮阳,关注 点集中在遮阳对建筑热工环境、光环境以及风环境影响等方面,从建筑学的角度 研究的较少,且多是对局部遮阳构件的研究;其次,由于遮阳设计比较复杂,建 筑师并没有把遮阳做为一个专项设计来做,仅在施工图设计阶段出于满足规范要 求或改善室内环境的角度设计遮阳构件,由
2、于在前期并未综合考虑,后期将通过 复杂的遮阳构件、较大的投入才能来达到隔热的效果,同时可能对立面形式造成 较大的影响。本文将遮阳作为一个专项设计进行研究,在研究建筑设计流程的基础上,结 合住宅建筑特点,提出了对建筑师来说易于接受,同时满足设计要求的流程和策 略。其主要包括两个步骤,遮阳类型的选择以及遮阳构件的设计。遮阳类型的选择方面,在设计前期主要考虑本地区的气候特点、地形地貌特 点并可利用周边植物进行遮挡;规划及方案设计阶段应考虑场地规划(如建筑朝 向的选择、建筑布局)、建筑功能、建筑立面形式、自身形体及构件(阳台、空 调机位、挑檐)与遮阳设计的关系;初步设计阶段及施工图阶段主要根据朝向、
3、各功能的特点及要求、经济性选择合适的遮阳类型。遮阳构件的设计方面,主要是尺寸的计算与细部的优化设计。其中尺寸大小 主要是能够满足室外温度及太阳辐射强度达到一定强度时的遮挡需求;遮阳构件 的优化设计主要通过细部的设计,优化遮阳效果。基于上述两点成果,并结合湖南地区的地理气候特点,本文提出了湖南地区 住宅建筑遮阳设计策略,用于指导本地区住宅建筑的遮阳设计。最后在论文研究成果的基础上,通过介绍本人所做的一个实际项目来验证研究成果的适宜性、正确性和有效性。关键词:住宅建筑;遮阳设计策略;被动式技术;万方数据湖南地区住宅建筑遮阳设计策略研究Abstract斩为the rapid dexebpment o
4、f Chinese economy aM the improvement of people+S Iiv迦standard,energysa、吨of residential houses turned into the important part of sustainable developmentHunan district bebngs to hotsummer and coldwinterclimatic zoneheating and air conditio血g energy consumption are rmlr母111 winter and sunmr,SO the key
5、lies in residential energy saving are in stgnmer and winter Effect of sunmaer air conditioning energy consumption is primarily solar radiation Then the shade has become an in单ortant way to improve energy efficiency and indoorthermal enviro nmentFrom the results of current study about building shade
6、designing,most of the study from the perspective of engineering and focus on the relation between shade and thermal environment、daylights and the wind emdronmentLess from the perspectiveof architecture,and most of these studies focus on the portion of shade element;Secondg since the process of shade
7、 designing is complex,the architect didnt put theshade as a special design to do,they have to set shade element due to meet regulatoryrequirements or to improve the indoor enonment in the construction de sign stage, s证ce廿_1ev didnt consider in the early,it would to achieve the insulation effect thro
8、ugh complex shading element,the larger investrnentIt may also cause a greater impact in the form of antithesis at the same timeIn this paper,the author take the shade as a special desagn to researchbased on the study of the architectural design process,and combined with the characteristics of reside
9、ntial buildingsThis artical put forward the process and strategies of shading design that architects can easily to accept, while meet吨 design requirements ItincludeS two stepsone is selecting the type of shade and another is des咖迦theshading elementIn the asptects of selecting the type of shadeespeci
10、ally in the ear矽stage of design-process ,the artichetect should considerate climatic characteristics,terraincharacteristics of the region and tak堍advantage of the surround吨plants to shade;Planning and desi辨phase should consider site planning(building ofientatbll,buildjllg layout),the relationship be
11、tween architectural features,building gcades form their own bodv and elements(balcony,air conditioning,seats,cornice)with the shade design, preliminary desiQn and construction drawing stage should according to the characteristics and requirements toward each function,econonv to choose the right万方数据硕
12、士学位论文姊e of shadeIn the aspects of shade elemem designing,its ma证b,about the size of calculation and opt缸nization of design detailWhere size is mainly to meet the shelter needs of the outdoor temperature and solar radiation intensity reaches a certain intensity;Optimal design of shade structures main
13、ly through detail design to optinlize shading effectOn the basis of two results proved above,this paper proposes the strategies of residential build吨shading design in Hunan district to guide the regions residential building shade designF妇政based on the research results of this paper,by introducing a project I havedone to validate the suitability,accuracy and effectiveness of the results Keywords:Residential building;Shading design strategies;Passive technologies;III万方数据湖南地区住宅建筑遮阳设计策略研究目录摘要IAbstract II目录插图索引附表索引一X第1章绪论111研究背景一112研究概念界定213国内外研究现状